Calculations of Gamma Ray Dose from Gamma Ray Bursters and Nearby Supernovae
نویسنده
چکیده
INTRODUCTION Supernovae and gamma ray bursters (possibly caused by “hypernovae”) are the most energetic known events in the Universe. Supernovae release approximately 10 ergs of energy in the form of photons, neutrinos, and kinetic energy imparted to debris from the explosion. Hypernovae release approximately 10 ergs of gamma ray energy alone (1). Some researchers have speculated that nearby supernovae and hypernovae may have caused mass extinctions on earth because of the tremendous amount of energy released during these events and their relative frequency on geologic timescales.
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تاریخ انتشار 2000